The present invention addresses the problem of providing a technique for obtaining a highly practical gel composition which employs an alcohol as a solvent to be gelled, and does not require a means for heating or the like. However, cyclization is practically eliminated when the epoxide ring is fused to another ring, such as in cyclohexene oxide. An alkene an alkanediyl functional group, especially one having the free valencies of adjacent carbon atoms alkylene meaning. There are an estimated 1520,000 such manual registrations to be upgraded. Polyethylene glycol peg is a polyether compound with many applications from industrial manufacturing to medicine. Synthesis and applications of new polymeric sulfide borane complexes 2. Novel molecular architecture for breakthrough sagflow balance, universal viscosity retention on. Theory and applications demulsifier is a chemical used to break emulsions and separate into two phases. Low molar mass polymers of propylene oxide po, butylene oxide bo and hexylene oxide ho are synthesized by anionic ring opening using various monohydric alcohols as initiators.
Integrated in scifinder, chemcats provides verified available quantities, prices and supplier contact information for millions of commercially available chemicals. Glycols are often used in coolants and antifreeze agents as well as in deicing products as there melting point is below the one of. Lions ethoxylation technology can be developed into eopo addition polymers. Rauscher original assignee the dow chemical company priority date the priority date is an assumption and is not a.
Wo2001004178a1 polymerization of alkylene oxides using. Schick mj, frederick mf eds alkylene oxides and their polymers, surfactant science series, vol. Synthesis of high molar mass polyalkylene phosphates by. The appeal lies from the interlocutory decision of the opposition division announced on march 2008 and posted on may 2008 according to which it was held that european patent no. The polypropylene oxidecoethylene oxide gradient is controlled. Bailey fe, koleske jv 1991 polymerization of 1,2epoxides. Chemcats is an index of commercially available chemicals and their worldwide suppliers. Polymerization of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and other. Narrow range eopo nrep is a surfactant that boasts superior characteristics derived from. Schick mj, frederick mf eds alkylene oxides and their polymers, surfactant science series, vol 35. The aqueous solution properties of alkylene oxide polymers and copolymers are related to their interaction with water. The universal selection source for polymer additives access technical info on additives for polymers and the knowledge to select them. In this work we investigated the anionic polymerization of hydrophobic alkylene oxides at different temperatures, solvents, and initiating systems. Alkylene oxide homo and copolymer esters and ethers.
Peo with a methyl ether group at one terminus, an alcohol at the other terminus, and a mw of either 2000 gmol 2 or 5000 gmol 3 was activated by reaction with 4nitrophenyl chloroformate 4 to form the 4nitrophenylcarbonateactivated polymers 5 and 6 as shown in figure 2. Alkylene oxides can also add to amine groups in which the case of the following reaction would occur. The monohydric alcohols and lower molar masses allowed for. Alkylene oxides and their polymers surfactant science bailey, f. Gradient copolymers are interesting materials and their properties are in. Triblock copolymer syntheses of mesoporous silica with.
Nonbiofouling surfaces constitute one of the most important subjects in sensitively and selectively detecting biomolecular events. Alkylene definition is a bivalent saturated aliphatic radical such as ethylene regarded as derived from an alkene by opening of the double bond or from an alkane by removal of two hydrogen atoms from different carbon atoms. A new thirdgeneration thermoresponsive amphiphilic dendron consisting of a hydrophobic polybenzyl ether dendritic core and hydrophilic oligoethylene glycol. In particular, poly alkylene oxide triblock copolymers such as poly ethylene oxide poly.
Koleske, alkylene oxide and their polymers, marcel dekker, new york, n. An investigation of the highly relevant copolymerization of ethylene oxide eo and. Structural characterization of polymers by maldi spiral. A comprehensive treatment of a large family of polymers useful in a wide range of applications in such fields as automotive, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, metalworking, mining, industrial coating, textile, construction, and home furnishings. Alkylene oxides and glycols are part of our daily lives. Polymerization of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and other alkylene oxides. Due to their high reactivity, they can be further processed into a wide variety of downstream products that are used in numerous industries. Polyethylene glycol peg chains tethered on substrate. Polyester amidepolyethylene oxide graft copolymers. To learn about our use of cookies and how you can manage your cookie settings, please see our cookie policy. Alkylene oxide tanks shall not be installed in tanks intended for any other cargo. Pdf polymerization of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide. Information and translations of alkylene oxide in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web.
Poly alkylene oxide s such as peo, ppo, and their modified polymers are widely used in industrial, agricultural, and domestic applications as moisturizing agents, emulsifiers, surfactants, and so on. The object is achieved by the polymers according to the invention prepared by polymerization of. By closing this message, you are consenting to our use of cookies. It is the prime source for ethylene oxide, which is another major source of polymers, glycols and ethers. Generalized syntheses of largepore mesoporous metal oxides with semicrystalline frameworks. Segmented urea and siloxane copolymers and their preparation methods. Using a feedback loop of theoretical calculations with design and synthesis, we. A comprehensive treatment of a large family of polymers useful in a wide range of applications in such fields as automotive. Saltcontaining supramolecular assemblies of rigidrod polymers tethered with. Alkoxylation is a chemical process wherein ethylene oxide or propylene oxide or eopo in desired molar ratios reacts with an alcohol, acid and uniquema manufactures among other types of surfactants some that they categorize as either fatty acid alkoxylates or fatty alcohol ethoxylates. Wo2017077872a1 alcoholbased gel composition and method. Synthetic lubricants can be manufactured using chemically modified petroleum components rather than whole crude oil, but can also be synthesized from other raw materials. The object underlying the present invention is therefore to provide further polymers based on glycerol carbonate, and also an associated polymerization process. Alkylene oxides and their polymers surfactant science series.
Generalized syntheses of largepore mesoporous metal. The anionic ringopening polymerization of alkylene oxides, except ethylene oxide, is accompanied by strong side reactions, leading to high molecular weight and low molecular weight byproducts. However, at elevated temperatures such polymers lose their dimensional stability. In this study microwaveassisted anionic ring opening polymerization rop of alkylene oxides is reported. The monohydric alcohols and lower molar masses allowed for monitoring of different types of possible. Synthesis, novel polymer architectures, and bioconjugation. Duke developed ozone reactive polymers based on substituted or unsubstituted alkylene polymers and their salts. Polypropylene glycol or polypropylene oxide is the polymer of propylene glycol. Aliphatic polycarbonates with inherent viscosities of 0. Polymerization of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and. Alkylene oxides and their polymers surfactant science series, vol.
Structural characterization of polymers by maldi spiraltof mass spectrometry combined with kendrick mass defect analysis. Overheating or contaminating ethylene oxide with catalysts such as alkalis or metal oxides can lead to runaway polymerization, which can end in an explosion after a few hours. We report the syntheses of wellordered hexagonal mesoporous silica structures sba15 with tunable large uniform pore sizes up to. A commercially available diepoxide containing two cyclohexene oxide moieties, 3,4epoxycyclohexylmethyl3,4epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate erl, was, therefore, used for polyaddition studies. From pet bottles to functional clothing, detergents and furniture alkylene oxides and glycols are part of our daily lives. The reactions of alkylene oxides with various butyl and. Super soft allethylene oxide polymer electrolyte for safe allsolid. In this analysis, three discretelength chromophore polymers with alkylene linkers were examined via time dependent dft, which were synthesized via direct heteroarylation polymerization, and the electrochromic properties of their thin films were characterized. Construction of a densely polyethylene glycolchain. Electrochromism of alkylenelinked discrete chromophore. The gpe allows further attachment of drugs but its influence on the polymeric micelle formation is unknown.
Alkylene article about alkylene by the free dictionary. With the ever growing toolbox for epoxide polymerization, a polyether universe may be envisaged that in its structural diversity parallels the. Ethylene oxide based copolymers functionalized with. Alkylene oxide addition polymerization technology lion. This impedes its widespread application into the global market. Polyalkylene carbonates by the carbonate interchange. Alkylene oxides and their polymers surfactant science. They can also be used to build up more complex c 4. When table 1 refers to this section, a containment system must meet the following. The gel composition is characterized by containing hydroxyalkyl cellulose, hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose, an alcohol, and water. The synthesis of pdichlorobenzene bearing oligoethylene oxide chains.
Demulsifying composition baker hughes incorporated. Synthetic oil is a lubricant consisting of chemical compounds that are artificially made. It is produced by sequential addition of two or more alkylene oxides to a low molecular weight organic compound. Alkylene oxides, especially the two main products ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, are highly reactive compounds that are produced by the oxidization of olefins from the steam cracker. Polymerization of ethylene oxide is an exothermic process. As nouns the difference between ethylene and alkylene is that ethylene is organic compound the common name for the organic chemical compound ethene the simplest alkene, a colorless gaseous at room temperature and pressure hydrocarbon with the chemical formula c 2 h 4 while alkylene is obsoleteorganic chemistry an alkene. Copolymers from ethylene oxide eo and propylene oxide po functionalized with glycidyl propargyl ether gpe are synthesized.
Polymerisation of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and other alkylene oxides. The base material, however, is still overwhelmingly crude oil that is distilled and then modified physically and chemically. The segmented polymer of claim 1, wherein said hard segment is selected from the group consisting of polyurea polymers or oligomers, polyurethane polymers or oligomers, and combinations. Investigation of phase behavior and water binding in poly. Such amine oxides were, however, disclosed in the very short paragraph in column 5, lines 17 to 24 of document 1 as one of two possible groups of specific nonionic synthetic detergents. T 039801 hydrophobically modified polyacrylateprocter. Subsequently, these activated peos were reacted with pea 1 in ch 2 cl 2 in the. The polymers containing spacers with two, three, or four oxyethylene units showed two mesophases, and the textures of their mesophases suggested that both smectic and nematic phases were formed. Peg is also known as polyethylene oxide peo or polyoxyethylene poe, depending on its molecular weight. Synthesis and applications of new polyalkylene sulfides. The only additional selection the skilled person had to make was to use the specific amine oxide a defined in the patent in suit as the nonionic surfactant. Acidcatalyzed additions of ethylene oxide to various isomeric butyl alcohols were observed to agree with the poisson equation and the products were relatively unaffected in composition by changes in the reactants or reaction conditions. Basecatalyzed reactions yielded products whose composition could be more closely approximated by weibull and nycanders.
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